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Phenylalanine deaminase medium tests the ability of an organism to produce the enzyme deaminase. This enzyme removes the amine group from the amino acid phenylalanine and releases the amine group as free ammonia.  As a result of this reaction, phenylpyruvic acid is also produced.

Phenylalanine agar, also known as phenylalanine deaminase medium, contains nutrients and DL-phenylalanine.  It is used to differentiate members of the genera Proteus, Morganella (which were originally classified under the genus Proteus), and Providencia from other Enterobacteriaceae.